Kawasaki Ki32 "MARY"
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The Kawasaki Ki-32 "Mary" was a Japanese light bomber used primarily during the Second Sino-Japanese War (beginning in 1938) and the Battle of Khalkhin Gol (1939). It saw limited action in the early Pacific War, including the invasion of Hong Kong (1941) and the Philippines (1942), before being relegated to training roles.
Key details of its service include:
- Major Conflicts: Extensively used in China, where its reliance on a liquid-cooled engine made it vulnerable to ground fire.
- Battle of Nomonhan: Fought against the Soviet Union in 1938–1939.
- Other Users: Supplied to the Manchukuo Air Force and used as a trainer.
- Final Actions: Some were used by Indonesian rebels against the Dutch in 1945–1949.
The aircraft was officially retired from front-line service in 1942.
